Large sample sizes increase the precision and accuracy of measurement. http://www.scalelive.com/statistical-power-and-large-sample-sizes.html

Statistical Power and Categorical Outcomes

Categorical outcomes decrease statistical power and increase the needed sample size. This is because categorical level measurement possesses less precision and accuracy.

Statistical Power and Outcomes

Statistical power is greatly impacted by the scale of measurement of the outcome. Categorical and ordinal level measurement possess little precision and accuracy in comparison to continuous level measurement. Therefore, categorical and ordinal level measurements will always decrease statistical power and increase the needed sample size.

Statistical Power

Statistical power is the ability to detect significant treatment effects, given the effect exists in the population. http://www.scalelive.com/statistical-power.html

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Assessing Clinical Practice